出处：3R DMG2 Chapter6 CHARACTERS (p175)
STUDENTS AND MASTERS
1.导师与学徒
A character can take the Leadership feat to gain a cohort, who then serves that PC as a general helper, a bodyguard, or a sidekick. The cohort is a unique NPC, but one who remains subservient to his or her master.
PC可以通过选择领导力专长(Leadership feat)来获得一个部属(cohort)，部属会像一个保镖、小伙计甚至将军的助理一样为玩家服务。部属是一个特殊的NPC，他将一直追随着他的主人。
But what happens when a PC wishes to apprentice himself to a powerful wizard, or offers his services to a powerful rogue in order to learn from him? This relationship can be modeled on the Leadership feat, but the PC gains no tangible benefit for becoming a cohort. Not many players want to play a subservient minion of an NPC.
但是，当一个PC打算成为一个强大法师的学徒，或者想为一个厉害的游荡者当小厮，以图学习他们的本事时，该如何处理呢？这种关系可以参照领导力专长。但事实上，作为一个部属，PC并不会得到什么切实的好处。没有什么玩家愿意愿意扮演一个NPC脚下的卑躬屈膝的奴才。
Instead, the character can opt to take the Apprentice feat. A character who wishes to become a teacher himself once he has surpassed his own instructor can take the Mentor feat.
不过，PC可以选择学徒专长(Apprentice feat)。同样，在超越了他的导师之后，一个想尝试当老师的学徒可以试试导师专长(Mentor feat)。
NEW FEAT: APPRENTICE
A character with this feat has apprenticed himself to a master in order to speed his learning and bolster his skills. This feat must be taken at 1st level. Once you start gaining experience, your methods of learning are already too ingrained for you to be able to gain the benefits of a mentor–apprentice relationship.
Prerequisite: 1st level only.
Benefits: When you select this feat, you gain all the benefits described in this section for being an apprentice.
新的专长：学徒(Apprentice)
你为了提高学习速度，或者得到学习某项技能的机会，而选择拜师高人。这项专长只能在1级时被选择。因为一旦你开始获得经验，你获得知识的方式将发生彻底的改变，以至于你不再能获得师从他人的好处。
先决条件：职业等级只能为1级
效果：如下文1.1所述
NEW FEAT: MENTOR
A character who takes this feat has offered his knowledge and skill to a lower-level NPC and takes that NPC on as an apprentice.
Prerequisites: 8 ranks in at least two of the four skills associated with your mentor category; Apprentice; you must have graduated from an apprenticeship.
Benefits: When you select this feat, you gain all the benefits described in this section for being a mentor.
新的专长：导师(Mentor)
你将你的知识与技能传授给一名低等级角色，并将他收为学徒。
先决条件：你所选择的导师类型对应的4个技能中至少有2门拥有8个技能点以上。如果这个专长是由学徒专长交换而来，那么你必须是成功毕业的学徒，而不能是中途被开除的家伙。
效果：如下文的《成为一名导师》段落所述。
APPRENTICESHIP
1.1成为一名学徒
Once a character has taken the Apprentice feat, she is considered an apprentice. The first thing she must do is select a type of mentor; the mentor choices are listed below. The DM can create new mentor types using the listed mentors as guidelines.
当一名角色选择了学徒专长，他即被视作一名学徒。首先，他需要选择一名导师；不同类型的导师将在下面一一举出。通过参照他们DM可以自行创建新的导师类型。
Upon becoming an apprentice, a character immediately gains two new class skills and two bonus skill points to spend on these class skills. These new class skills are added to the class skill list for any character class or prestige class she gains. The specific skills gained as class skills depend on the type of mentor she selects.
一旦成为了一名学徒，角色可以立即获得两个新的本职技能和两点额外的技能点来花费在其上。这些新的本职技能可以添加到角色的任何职业或者进阶职业(prestige class)的本职技能清单里。这些技能具体是什么将由角色选择的导师来决定。
In addition, the character gains one specific benefit (the exact type depends on the type of mentor selected) from her mentor, and in desperate times she can even call upon him for aid.
另外，角色可以从他的导师那里得到一个独特的好处（由导师类型决定），甚至在绝境中，PC还可以寻求导师的帮助。
Apprentices are expected to learn and grow, and mentors are loath to step in and provide physical support or financial aid, or to pull strings for an apprentice.
当然，学徒们被要求通过自己的努力学习与成长。所以，导师往往不会插手帮助他们，也不愿意提供物质上的或者经济上的资助，异或者暗中为自己的学生牵线搭桥。
Convincing the mentor to aid in this way requires a successful level check (d20 + character level), the DC of which is set by the DM and varies from 10 for simple favors to as high as 25 for highly dangerous, expensive, or illegal favors. A successful check means the mentor helps in some way (lends a magic item, accompanies the character on a short mission, pulls strings to get an appointment with the mayor, and soon) but demands double the normal tithe the next time the character gain a level.
说服导师来帮助自己需要通过一个等级检定（d20+角色等级），DC由DM自己设定，从10到25，分别对应着最简单的小事到异常危险、花费巨大甚至违法的行动。一个成功的等级检定意味着导师将在某种程度上为PC提供帮助（比如出借一个魔法物品、在一个短期冒险中陪伴PC，或者给PC一个面见领主的机会等等）。但这么做的话，当角色升级时，他得给导师准备一个大一倍的红包(tithe)（见下文）。
Once the character asks for aid, no further requests for aid will be honored until she gains at least one experience level.
当角色寻求一次帮助后，直到他升到新的一级后导师才会再次答应帮助他处理难关。
Finding a Mentor
1.1.1寻找导师
When a character decides to become an apprentice, she must fi rst locate an appropriate mentor. Not just any NPC will do. As with the Leadership feat, apprenticeship depends heavily on the social setting of the campaign, the actual location of the PC, and the group dynamics. You're free to disallow this feat if it would disrupt the campaign. Unlike Leadership, the allied NPC does not travel with the PCs, so he or she won’t take treasure, XP, and spotlight time from the player characters.
当角色决定成为学徒后，他必须首先找到一个合适的导师。这不是任何NPC都能胜任的。只有那些拥有领导力专长的NPC才可以。师徒关系的形成极其依赖于战役的社会结构设定、PC的地理位置以及群体动力学(the group dynamics?)。你完全可以封杀这个专长，以免战役的节奏被搞的一团糟。与领导力专长不同，这些收归己下的NPC不会与PC们一同旅行，所以他们不会有机会抢走PC们的财宝、经验，或者，出风头的机会。
A character can try to gain a mentor of a particular race, class, and alignment, but the actual details are left to the DM. If a character selects a mentor who is too different from her skill set, interests, or goals, the advantages of this feat are correspondingly diminished.
PC可以自己选择他导师的种族、职业与阵营，但最终决定权在DM手中。若选择的导师类型与角色的擅长技能、兴趣或者目标相去甚远，那么PC可从中得到的收益就应该相应地减少一些。
The mentor has gear as an NPC (see Table 4–23: NPC Gear Value, page 127 of the Dungeon Master’sGuide) and must have the Mentor feat.
导师的装备与NPC相同（见3R DMG p127 表4-23 NPC装备总值表），而且必须拥有导师专长。
Table 4-23:NPC Gear Value
NPC Level Value of Gear(gp)
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
900 2000 2500 3300 4300 5600 7200 9400 12000 16000
11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th
21000 27000 35000 45000 59000 77000 100000 130000 170000 220000
Expectations of the Apprentice
1.1.2对于学徒的要求
Maintaining the status of apprentice isn't cheap. The apprentice is expected to tithe 100 gp of her earnings each time she gains a level. This tithe covers costs such as supplies, guild dues, gifts to the mentor, and miscellaneous costs. The tithe must be paid to the mentor as soon as possible (and certainly before the character gains another level), or she risks losing her apprenticeship. A 1st-level character doesn't need to pay a tithe until she reaches 2nd level.
持续地当一个学徒可不是一件便宜的事。一般来说，每当角色获得一个等级，他得给导师包一个价值100gp的红包(tithe)。这包括了补给品(supplies?)，指导费，逢年过节给导师的礼物以及各种学杂费用。红包必须及时交给导师（确切地说，不能拖到角色获得又一个等级之后），否则他将有可能失去学徒资格。不过，在达到2级之前，一个1级角色并不需要支付任何费用。
Additionally, an apprentice is expected to practice her skills, study, and even undertake minor tasks for her mentor. Every week, she must spend at least 8 contiguous hours working for her mentor and practicing her skills. If she fails to meet this requirement, she must spend an additional day the next week. If she shirks her duties in this manner for an entire month, the character's mentor expels her from the apprenticeship.
另外，学徒们被要求着时刻练习相关技能、以及刻苦学习，甚至不时地，学徒们得替他们的导师完成一些小任务。每星期，学徒必须花费连续的8小时来练习他的技能以及服侍导师。如果学徒没有达成上述要求，他必须在下一个星期多花费一天的时间来补回。若PC连续逃避了一个月的课程，你应该让导师毫不留情地将他扫地出门。
Where the mentor leads, the student follows
图片：导师走，学生从(Where the mentor leads, the student follows)
Mentor Types
1.1.3导师类型
The eight mentor types described below are fairly generic, and can encompass any alignment, race, or class. A mentor can easily be a chaotic evil gnome wizard craftsman or a lawful good human rogue, for example. Each mentor type is associated with two skills; as detailed above, the apprentice gains these skills as class skills. In addition, each mentor grants the apprentice additional benefits unique to his profession and calling.
下面介绍的8种导师类型相当的通用，它们涵盖了任何阵营、种族以及职业。一名导师可以是一个混乱邪恶的侏儒法师手工艺者(craftsman)，也可以是一名守序善良的人类游荡者。每种导师类型拥有两门相关的技能——就像上面所述，学徒将得以把这两门技能当做他的本职技能。另外，每种类型的导师将给予学生一项独特的好处，这与导师的专业与所属的行业(profession and calling?)有关。
Craftsman: A craftsman mentor is skilled at building things. A craftsman grants his apprentice a +2 competence bonus on all Craft checks and a 10% discount when he purchases raw materials for items he makes (including items made with the Craft skill or with an item creation feat, but not spell components or services).
Associated Skills: Appraise, Knowledge (architecture and engineering).
手艺大师(Craftsman)：一名手艺大师拥有建造东西的技能。手艺大师给予学徒一个在所有子项的工艺检定上的+2表现加值（competence bonus)，以及一个在购买由学徒自己制造的物品的原材料时10%的折扣（这包括由手艺技能或者制造物品专长制作的物品，但不包括法术成分和服务费）。
相关技能：估价(Appraise)，知识（建筑与工程）(Knowledge(architecure and engineering))
Criminal: A criminal mentor is a high-ranking member of a thieves’ guild, an assassin, a bandit lord, or any similar miscreant. A criminal grants his apprentice a +2 competence bonus on Intimidate checks and an extra 100 gp to spend on equipment as a starting character at 1st level. In addition, the apprentice is not required to pay the 100 gp tithe at each level, provided he remains an apprentice in good standing. He is expected to comply with requests from his mentor for minor services or tasks, such as tailing a subject, staking out a prospective work site, and so on.
Associated Skills: Bluff, Gather Information.
作案专家(Criminal)：一名作案专家可能是某一个盗贼公会的一名高级成员、一名刺客、一个强盗头子，或者任何类似的罪恶之人。作案专家能给予学徒的是一个在先攻上的+2表现加值，以及一级时额外的100gp初始装备资金。除此之外，一个信誉良好的学徒可以省下每次升级时的100gp红包。有时，学徒得替导师完成一些“小任务”，比如说跟踪某人，或者监视一个工作站，等等。
相关技能：唬骗(Bluff)，收集信息(Gather Information)
Entertainer: An entertainer mentor is an actor, musician, storyteller, or other notable personality, often someone quite recognizable or famous. An entertainer grants her apprentice a +2 competence bonus on Diplomacy checks and the ability to call upon the aid of an admirer or fan by spending a tithe appropriate for the apprentice’s level. The admirer is of a character level equal to 1/2 the apprentice’s own (minimum 1st) and must be within at least one step of his alignment, but can be of any race or class. The ally serves the apprentice for a limited duration (usually a number of days equal to his Charisma modifier, minimum of 1 day) as if a cohort. Once the apprentice calls upon the aid of an admirer, he may not do so again until he gains at least one level.
Associated Skills: Diplomacy, Perform.
综艺导师(Entertainer)：一名综艺导师可能是一名演员、一名音乐家、说书人、或者其他有名的人，他们通常是非常容易认出来的著名的人物。一名综艺导师给予学徒一个在外交检定上的+2表现加值，以及一个向学徒自己的仰慕者或者粉丝们求援的机会，而这需要支付与学徒等级相称的小费(tithe)。仰慕者是一个拥有学徒的1/2等级的人物（最少1级），仰慕者的阵营与学徒的阵营至多可以有一级的差别，但对于仰慕者的种族或职业没有任何要求。仰慕者会像一个部属(cohort)一样帮助学徒一小段时间（通常是相当于学徒魅力调整那么多天（最少1天））。每次升级之间学徒只能向仰慕者求援1次。
相关技能：外交(Diplomacy)，表演(Perform)
Martial Artist: A martial artist mentor has perfected a particular style of fighting, often exotic. A martial artist grants his apprentice a +2 competence bonus on Intimidate checks and a +2 bonus on Reflex saving throws.
Associated Skills: Concentration, Tumble.
武道师傅(Martial Artist)：一名武道师傅掌握着独特的战斗方式，这些战斗方式通常来自异国他乡。一名武道师傅给予学徒一个在先攻上的+2表现加值与一个+2反射豁免加值。
相关技能：专注(Concentration)，翻滚(Tumble)
Philosopher: A philosopher mentor is dedicated to the pursuit of knowledge. In a civilized area he might be a scholar or librarian, while in the wilderness he might be a shaman or nomad. A philosopher grants his apprentice a +2 competence bonus on Concentration checks and a +2 bonus on Will saving throws.
Associated Skills: Knowledge (any one), Sense Motive.
思想家(Philosopher)：一名思想家往往致力于对知识的追求。在文明的世界里他可能是一名学者或者图书馆长，而在野蛮的世界中则可能成为一名萨满(shaman)或者流浪旅人(nomad?)。一名思想家给予学徒一个在专注检定上的+2表现加值以及一个+2意志豁免加值。
相关技能：知识（任意）(Knowledge(any one))，察言观色(Sense Motive)
Soldier: A soldier mentor is a commander of an army, a captain of a garrison, a mercenary leader, or otherwise in command of a combat troop. A soldier grants his apprentice a +2 competence bonus on Intimidate checks and a +2 bonus on Fortitude saving throws.
Associated Skills: Intimidate, Knowledge (local).
老兵(Soldier)：一名老兵可能是一个军队指挥官、一名要塞指挥官、一个佣兵头子，或者任何统帅过军队的人。一名老兵给予学徒一个在先攻上的+2表现加值以及一个+2强韧豁免加值。
相关技能：威吓(Intimidate)，知识（地方）(Knowledge(local))
Spellcaster: A spellcaster mentor could be a priest of the character’s religion, a teacher at a wizard’s guild, or an inventor seeking a protégé. Spellcaster mentors are not as useful as the other seven mentors for characters who cannot cast spells themselves. A spellcaster grants her apprentice a +2 competence bonus on Spellcraft checks. The tutelage of a spellcasting mentor grants additional benefi ts only if the apprentice shares the same class as his mentor. The apprentice only gains these benefits when he gains a level in this class; he retains all the other benefi ts of this feat (the bonus skills and the bonus on Spellcraft checks) regardless of what class he chooses to gain a level in.
If the apprentice and his mentor are arcane spellcasters, he gains one additional spell known at 1st level. Wizards gain this spell in their spellbooks, and spontaneous casters such as sorcerers or bards gain an additional 1st-level spell beyond their normal number of spells known. As the apprentice gains levels, he is able to learn additional spellcasting techniques from his mentor; wizards can copy from their mentor’s spellbook at no charge. Spellcasters who do not prepare spells (such as a bard or sorcerer) gain increased flexibility with the spells they know. Each time an apprentice gains another of these levels, he can choose to learn a new spell in place of one he already knows. The new spell’s level must be the same as that of the spell being exchanged.
If the character and his mentor are divine spellcasters who prepare spells (such as clerics, druids, paladins, or rangers), he can select one spell he knows as a preferred spell. This can be a spell of any level he can cast. Once per day, the apprentice can spontaneously cast a preferred spell by swapping out any prepared spell of an equal spell level. He can only have one preferred spell at a time, but each time he gains a level in the associated class, he can change his preferred spell to a different spell.
Associated Skills: Knowledge (any one), Use Magic Device.
施法者导师(Spellcaster)：一名施法者导师可能是一个与玩家具有相同信仰的祭司(perist?)，一个法师公会的教师，或者一个在寻找门徒的发明家。对于没有施法能力的玩家来说，施法者导师没有其他7种导师那么有用。一名施法者导师给予学徒一个在辨识法术检定上的+2表现加值。若学徒和导师拥有同一门施法职业，导师的教导将给学徒带来额外的好处。只有当学徒获得一个该职业的等级时才能体会到这个额外的好处——当然，无论学徒升级时选择其他什么职业，他仍会得到这个导师带给他的其它好处（额外技能和上面的辨识法术检定加值）。
如果学徒和导师都是奥术施法者，学徒将在1级时习得1个额外的法术。法师们得以将这个法术誊写在他们的法术书上，而像术士或者吟游诗人这样的自发(spontaneous)施法者可以在其可知法术(spells known)列表里额外添加一个法术。当学徒提升等级时，他同样可以习得一个额外的施法技巧。法师学徒被允许抄写导师的法术书，而不用支付任何费用。而那些不用准备法术的施法者（术士和吟游诗人）也能得到法术选择的灵活性：每当他获得一个相关职业的等级时，他可以选择学习一个新法术以替代一个旧的，两者的法术等级必须相同。
如果学徒和导师都是神术施法者（牧师，德鲁伊，圣武士与巡林客）（在3R核心他们都要事先准备法术），学徒可以选择一个其掌握的法术作为首选法术(preferred spell)。首选法术可以为任何等级。每天一次，学徒可以将一个准备好的同等级法术临时转换（自发施法(spontaneous casting)）为首选法术来释放。学徒只能同时拥有一个首选法术，不过，每当学徒获得相关的职业等级时，他可以把它换成别的法术。
相关技能：知识（任意）(Knowledge(any one))，使用魔法装置(Use Magic Device)
Woodsman: A woodsman mentor might be a hunter, a caretaker of a forest, or a scout. A woodsman mentor grants his apprentice a +2 competence bonus on Survival checks and the ability to follow tracks as if the apprentice had the Track feat, but only when the DC is 20 or lower.
Associated Skills: Knowledge (nature), Survival.
林中居士(Woodsman)：一名林中居士可能是一名猎人，一名护林员，或者一个侦查员。一名林中居士给予学徒一个在生存检定上的+2表现加值，和一个相当于拥有追踪专长的人物一样的追踪能力，但仅限于DC为20以内的追踪。
相关技能：知识（自然）Knowledge(nature)，生存(Survival)
Ember bones her skills under the guidance of a martial artist mentor
图片：在一位武术导师的教导下，Ember正在刻苦地锻炼她的技能。(Ember bones her skills under the guidance of a martial artist mentor)
Mentor Statistics
1.1.4导师数据
The DM should develop the mentor's statistics. A mentor has a base level of 5th, modified by the apprentice's Charisma bonus (if any) and by the following situations. These situations only apply when the feat is first taken; if any of these situations change at a later date (for example, the apprentice’s alignment changes), the mentor's level does not change.
一名导师的基础等级是5，再加上学徒的魅力加值（如果有的话（就是不要减去减值）），再加上下表的调整就是导师的等级。只有在学徒专长被选择时这些调整才会生效——在获得一个导师之后，这些条件（比如阵营）的变化并不会改变导师的等级。
Table 6-1: Mentor Level Modifiers
Condition Modifier
Mentor and apprentice are same race and class +1
Mentor and apprentice are same alignment +2
Mentor and apprentice share one alignment aspect +1
Mentor and apprentice are opposing alignments –1
Apprentice starts at maximum rank in at least two of the mentor's associated skills +1
表6-1：导师等级调整
情况 调整
导师与学徒拥有相同的种族和职业（and关系） +1
导师与学徒处在相同阵营 +2
导师与学徒的阵营的一个方面相同 +1
导师与学徒处在相对阵营 -1
学徒在至少两个相关技能上有最大的技能级数 +1
Becoming an Ex-Apprentice
1.1.5失去学徒身份
In the case of the death or loss of a mentor, an ally or associate of the prior mentor (who is of an equal level to the original mentor) typically takes the place of the original. The benefits gained from the Apprentice feat are not altered. Two conditions can alter the apprentice benefits.
如果导师不幸失踪或者遇难，一个他过去的盟友或者同伴（与前导师同等级）通常会接手他的教导任务。所以，从学徒专长得到的好处不会改变。但下面这两种情况会使情况发生改变。
Surpassing the Mentor: Once the apprentice reaches 5th level, he graduates from his apprenticeship. He continues to gain the benefits of the Apprentice feat, but no longer needs to work with his mentor. The mentor's associated skills remain class skills for purposes of determining the maximum rank he can have in those skills, and he still retains the secondary benefits, but an associated skill can only be purchased as a class skill if he gains a level in a class that has that skill as a class skill. He no longer needs to tithe to his mentor upon gaining levels. If you allow, he can also immediately exchange his Apprentice feat for the Mentor feat (see below).
超越导师：当学徒到达了5级，他就毕业了。毕业了的学徒仍然可以得到学徒专长的好处，但再也不用到导师那里去上课了。导师提供的相关技能依旧算作学徒的本职技能以决定最大技能等级，导师带来的独特好处也不会失去。但是，由于导师不再教导学徒了，只有当学徒获得拥有该技能作为本职技能的职业等级时，才可以将其再次作为本职技能来提升。学徒也不用在升级时向导师缴纳红包。如果你（ＤＭ）同意，毕业的学徒人物可以立刻将其学徒专长替换为导师专长（见下文）。
Expulsion: Grounds for expulsion include actions deemed destructive by the mentor, failing to pay tithes in a timely manner, or simply not spending the time required to study the chosen craft for an entire month. A character can also choose to leave an apprenticeship;although the apprentice can part on good terms with his mentor, the game effects are the same as if he were expelled.
An expelled apprentice immediately loses the secondary benefits of this feat, and his apprentice class skills immediately become cross-class skills unless he possesses a level in a class that grants the skill as a class skill. A skill that becomes a cross-class skill begins to atrophy; the next time the character gains a level, any skill ranks in excess of his normal maximum skill ranks for a cross-class skill are lost forever.
开除：开除学徒的理由包括：进行被导师认为具有破坏性的举动，没有及时交红包，或者只是因为翘了一个月的课。角色也可以自己决定离开导师——尽管如此的话学徒可以保持和导师良好的关系，但其处理方式仍然同开除一样。
一名被开除的学徒立即失去导师带给他的独特好处，而且其相关技能立即还原为跨职技能，除非学徒拥有某项视其为本职技能的职业。一旦变回跨职技能，这门技能会逐渐地被荒废掉——在角色下一次升级时，这些超过最大技能等级的技能等级会永久地失去。
Gaining a New Mentor
1.1.6重新寻找导师
If a character is expelled or voluntarily leaves an apprenticeship before he surpasses his mentor, he can seek out a new mentor. The new mentor can be of any type. Finding a new mentor is time-consuming. The ex-apprentice must make a successful Gather Information check (DC10 + character level), and each attempt takes a number of days equal to his character level. Success indicates he has found a new mentor; failure indicates that he has not, but he can try again.
无论是被开除，还是自愿离开，失去导师的学徒仍然可以寻找新的导师，只要他还没毕业。新的导师可以属于任何类型。寻找一名新的导师非常花费时间。前学徒必须通过一个收集信息检定（DC10+角色等级），而每次尝试将花费等同于角色等级的天数。当检定通过，学徒即成功地寻得一位新的导师——而一次失败的检定意味着学徒只能再花几天去尝试它。
Once a character gains a new mentor, he must immediately pay a tithe of 100 gp times his character level. He must then spend at least a week of 8-hour days studying and working with his new mentor to become familiar with her teaching methods. After this time, the apprentice gains the mentor’s associated class skills and secondary benefits, but he does not gain bonus skill points for the new class skills.
一旦角色得到了一名新的导师，他必须立刻交付100gp乘以角色等级的红包。为了适应新导师的教学方式，角色必须至少花费一个礼拜的时间，而这期间要求学徒每天拿出8个小时来学习或者为导师工作。在此之后，学徒可以得到该导师的相关技能作为新的本职技能，还有导师给予的独特好处，但他并不会因此得到额外的2点技能点。
A new mentor’s maximum level is one level lower than the level of the previous mentor (minimum 5th). A character who constantly changes mentors or keeps getting expelled soon finds that no one wants to take him on as an apprentice.
作为惩罚，新的导师的最大等级要比原有的导师低1级（至少5级）。所以，一个总是更换导师或者老是被开除的坏学徒很快会发现没有人再愿意收他为徒。
MENTORSHIP
1.2成为一名导师
Although mentors typically belong to a guild or organization, they sometimes work alone. Likewise, although most mentors take on multiple apprentices and devote their lives to teaching them, some instead focus on one apprentice at a time. Player character mentors should choose this second option, since by taking on only one apprentice they don’t have to devote all their time to him. The benefits for having multiple apprentices don't stack, in any event.
虽然导师们大多属于公会或者组织，但也有喜欢独自工作的导师。同样，虽然大多数导师会带上很多个学徒，把一生的时间精力都投入到教育事业中，也会有一些导师宁愿一次只专心带一个徒弟。玩家扮演的导师应该选择后者，因为如果只带一个徒弟，玩家们们就不需要花费大量的时间精力在其上。带有多个学徒不会使其好处叠加，无论何种情况。
An apprentice is similar to a cohort, except that the apprentice doesn’t accompany the mentor on adventures as a standard rule. A new apprentice is always a 1st-level character. The apprentice’s race and gender can vary, but his class must be identical to one the mentor possesses at least one level in. Likewise, the apprentice must have the Apprentice feat.
学徒类似一个部属，但是学徒并不认为陪同其导师去冒险是理所当然的。一个新的学徒总是一名1级角色。学徒的种族和性别没有要求，但是学徒的职业必须是导师所拥有的职业中的一种。当然，学徒必须拥有学徒专长。
The mentor must possess at least 8 ranks in two of the four skills associated with the mentor type.
导师必须在四个相关技能中有两门拥有至少8个技能等级。导师的相关技能如下：
Craftsman: Appraise, Craft (any), Knowledge (architecture and engineering), Profession (any).
Criminal: Bluff, Gather Information, Open Lock, Sleight of Hand.
Entertainer: Diplomacy, Gather Information, Perform, Profession.
Martial Artist: Balance, Concentration, Jump, Tumble.
Philosopher: Concentration, Knowledge (religion), Knowledge (any one other), Sense Motive.
Soldier: Climb, Handle Animal, Intimidate, Ride.
Spellcaster: Concentration, Knowledge (arcana), Spellcraft, Use Magic Device.
Woodsman: Climb, Handle Animal, Knowledge (nature), Survival.
手艺大师：估价，手艺（任意），知识（建筑与工程），专业（任意）
作案专家：唬骗，收集信息，开锁，手上功夫
综艺导师：外交，收集信息，表演，专业
武道师傅：平衡，专注，跳跃，翻滚
思想家：专注：知识（宗教），知识（任意其它），察言观色
老兵：攀爬，驯养动物，威吓，骑术
施法者导师：专注，知识（神秘），辨识法术，使用魔法装置
林中居士：攀爬，驯养动物，知识（自然），生存
Since the mentor spends so much of her time teaching the apprentice and practicing these four skills, she gains a +2 competence bonus on checks involving any of her four associated skills.
因为导师花费了大量的时间来教学徒练习上述4个相关技能，导师本人也能在这4个相关技能上得到+2的表现加值。
While the apprentice pays his mentor a tithe, the money from that sum goes to pay for the various expenses related to maintaining the apprenticeship. The apprentice might also ask his mentor for help at times, usually in the form of a loan of money or the casting of a spell. The mentor is free to react to these requests as she sees fit, but if she ignores them too often, she might lose her apprentice.
虽然学生支付了可观的红包，但这些资金将用来支付学习过程中的各种费用，而不是进入导师自己的腰包。学徒会不时地向导师求助，这些求助大多是请求导师借贷资金或者施放法术。导师可以根据自己的判断自由地选择如何应对求助，但是若一位导师总是忽视学徒的求助，同样，他也有可能失去这个学徒。
Finding an Apprentice
1.2.1寻找学徒
When a PC takes the Mentor feat, the DM should prepare a small group of three to six prospective apprentices for the character to choose from. At this stage, the prospective apprentices don’t need full statistics; a name, race, class, gender, and one-sentence personality should be enough. When the PC selects one of them, she generates the apprentice’s ability scores, using the elite array (15, 14, 13, 12, 10, 8). The apprentice must have the Apprentice feat, but otherwise the details are up to the player character.
A new apprentice starts at 1st level, with gear appropriate to his class.
当PC选择了导师专长之后，DM应该准备3-6名准学徒以供PC挑选。在这一阶段，并不需要你给出准学徒的完整数据——只需要给出他们的姓名、种族、职业、性别，和一句话的性格描述就行了。当PC选择了某一名准学徒之后，他得使用{15,14,13,12,10,8}这一组数来决定该学徒的属性。当然，学徒必须拥有学徒专长，但学徒其它的数据与细节将由玩家自己决定。
一名新的学徒的初始等级为1级，拥有着对应职业的初始资金。
Keeping an Apprentice
1.2.2收下学徒
The mentor is free to treat her apprentice however she wants, entrusting him with as little or as much responsibility as she feels appropriate. The mentor score measures her apprentice’s loyalty. When she first gains this feat, her initial mentor score equals 1 + her Charisma modifier and is modified by the following conditions.
导师有权随心所欲地对付他的学徒，只要他自己觉得合适。导师也可以托付给学徒或多或少的责任。导师点数(mentor score)决定了学徒有多么忠诚。当一名角色第一次选择导师专长时，他的初始导师点数等于1+魅力调整（可加可减），然后再加上下面的调整：
Situation Modifier
Apprentice's character level +1 per level
The mentor grants the apprentice a favor +1
The mentor refuses the apprentice a favor -2
The mentor provides room and board +1
Each week the mentor fails to train the apprentice for the minimum required time -1
Each time the mentor asks the apprentice for a favor -1
The apprentice is killed as a direct result of the mentor's actions -5
情况 调整
学徒的等级 每级+1
导师帮助一次学生 +1
导师拒绝了一次学生的求助 -2
导师提供食宿 +1
每周导师没能按最低时限教导学徒 -1
每次导师要求学徒为其完成任务 -1
导师的行为直接导致了某位学徒的死亡 -5
Training an Apprentice
1.2.3教导学徒
Apprentices advance with training. Each week, a mentor is expected to dedicate at least 8 consecutive hours to training with her apprentice. Meeting this minimum amount of training allows the apprentice to advance and keeps the mentor's own skills honed. If she neglects her apprentice, not only does she take a penalty to her mentor score, but she also loses her skill check bonuses until she spends time with her apprentice.
在导师的教导下，学徒会不断进步。每周，导师应该奉献至少8小时连续的时间来教导他的学生。只有满足了这个最小要求，学徒才得以保证锻炼相关技能以进步。一个对学徒不管不顾的导师不仅仅会失去一些导师点数，还会失去自己4个技能的表现加值，直到他重新开始教导学徒为止。
With adequate training, the apprentice gains a level each time the mentor gains a level. He also acquires equipment appropriate to an NPC of his class (see Chapter 4 of the Dungeon Master's Guide).
在足够的教导下，每当导师获得一个等级，学徒也会升一级。而且，学徒也同时自动获得了相称的装备，当然，是以NPC的标准（见3R DMG1 第4章）。
When the apprentice reaches 5th level, he graduates and follows the mentor as a cohort, as if she had the Leadership feat.
在学徒到达5级之后，他就从导师身边毕业了。如果导师拥有领导力专长的话，这个学徒将成为导师的部属。
Favors from an Apprentice
1.2.4使唤学徒
Periodically, a mentor might need a favor from her apprentice. To determine if the favor is granted, make a mentor check by rolling 1d20 and adding the mentor score. A small favor, such as assisting in the creation of a magic item or guarding a location for a day, is a DC 15 check. A large favor, such as asking the apprentice to accompany the mentor on a short, relatively safe adventure or guarding a location for several weeks is a DC 25 check. A huge favor, such as asking for the apprentice to accompany the mentor on an extended adventure or asking him to make the mentor a magic item, is a DC 40 check. Each time the mentor asks a favor of her apprentice, her mentor score goes down by 1, regardless of whether or not the favor is granted.
定期的，导师可以叫学徒帮他一个忙。这需要通过一个1d20+导师点数的检定。一些轻松的活儿，比如说协助制造魔法物品或者守卫一个地方一整天，的DC为15。而那些繁琐的事，比如说叫学徒在一个相对安全的短期冒险中陪同导师，或者花上几个礼拜去守着一个地方，则需要通过25的DC。最困难的使命，例如要求学徒参与一个长期的冒险，或者令其为导师制作一样魔法物品，则有着40的DC。无论是否通过检定，每当导师使唤一次学徒，导师点数就会下降1。
Losing an Apprentice
1.2.5失去学徒
If a mentor's score ever drops to 0 or lower, the mentor's apprentice grows dissatisfied and leaves. The mentor immediately loses the bonuses to her associated skills.
若角色的导师点数降到0及以下，他的学徒会因为不满而离开。若如此，导师会立即失去对其相关技能的奖励加值。
The mentor can also choose to expel her apprentice at any time; the results are identical to when an apprentice voluntarily leaves. If her apprentice dies, she can choose to have the apprentice raised from the dead, at which point he might leave, depending on the circumstances of his death.
导师同样可以开除他的学徒——但这和上文所述学徒自行离开有着相同的后果。如果学徒不幸身亡，导师可以尝试将其复活，但即使如此，在这种情况下，复活的学徒仍然可能离开导师，这取决于学徒到底是怎么死的。
The mentor can seek out a new apprentice once a month has passed. If she gains a new apprentice, her mentor score is reset to its base value, -1 per previous apprentice lost. If a mentor loses too many apprentices, she'll quickly find that no one wants to become her student due to the reputation she's gained.
学徒离开的一个月后，导师可以重新寻找一个学徒。当导师找到了一个新的学徒时，导师点数会重设至初始值，但会因为每个离开他的学徒而减1。一个总是失去学徒的导师会很快发现，因为他的臭名气，没有什么人愿意做他的学徒了。
At the DM’s option, relocating to a new, distant location can remove the penalties for losing apprentices.
DM可以自己决定：当PC跑到了一个遥远的地方时，因为没有人认识他们，失去学徒带来的惩罚是否应该消除。
Finally, once the apprentice reaches 5th level and graduates from his apprenticeship, he becomes a cohort, as if the mentor had the Leadership feat. The mentor can dismiss him, if she wishes, with no ill effect or hard feelings. This does not count as a lost apprentice should she seek to gain a new one in the future. She must find a new apprentice within 30 days to continue to benefit from the skill bonuses.
最后，当学徒达到了5级而毕业时，若导师拥有领导力专长，他会变成导师的一名部属。当然，导师可以解雇这个部属，而不会带来任何惩罚。学徒的毕业不被认为是失去学徒，但是，若导师想保有相关技能上的加值奖励，他必须在30天内找到一个新的学徒。
1.3中英对照
学徒 Apprentice
导师 Mentor
红包 tithe
仰慕者 admirer
相关技能 associated skills
导师点数 mentor score
首选法术 preferred spell
专长：学徒 Apprentice feat
专长：导师 Mentor feat
导师类型：手艺大师 Craftsman
导师类型：作案专家 Criminal
导师类型：综艺导师 Entertainer
导师类型：武道师傅 Martial Artist
导师类型：思想家 Philosopher
导师类型：老兵 Soldier
导师类型：施法者导师 Spellcaster
导师类型：林中居士 Woodsman
领导力专长 Leadership feat
部属 cohort
进阶职业 prestige class
自发施法 spontaneous casting
