作者 主题: 【FS】小组战术与战术动作 Small Unit Tactics And Combat Maneuvers,p. 86-89  (阅读 2678 次)

副标题: 好消息,小队战术的规则明晰了;坏消息,大部分小队战术都弱极了

离线 马非鱼

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如果说战斗原则涵盖全局,那么小组战术(SUT)就是落实这些原则的细节和行动。SUT是一种特定类型的动作或战术动作,由一支队伍协同执行以求战斗中获得战术优势。虽然说有些动作是侧重进攻或防守,但是其他可以在行动过程中基于情况调整。
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If combat principles cover the overall picture, then Small Unit Tactics (SUT) are the details and actions that make those principles happen. SUT are specific types of actions or combat maneuvers undertaken by a team working in conjunction to gain a tactical advantage during combat. While some of these maneuvers are geared more toward offense or defense, others can be adjusted on the fly depending on the situation.

引用
使用小组战术using small unit tactics
在SR6,小组战术(SUT)是一个知识技能,这个知识技能复盖了对战术动作的使用、知识、与利用。在战斗中,它可以用于执行特定战术动作以获得特定奖励。
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In SR6, Small Unit Tactics (SUT) is a knowledge skill that covers the use, knowledge, and utilization of combat maneuvers. During combat, it can be used to perform a specific combat maneuver to gain specific benefits.
为了执行/尝试一个SUT动作,至少一个对应需要具备SUT知识技能以及影响主动技能(以执行战术动作以及指导别人执行动作)。领导力或教导专精带来的奖励可以用在战术动作检定中。战斗中,SUT战术动作被视为一个主要动作,但也可以在投掷主动性检定前进行“准备”。侦察+直觉(阈值由GM决定)检定可以被用于辨识出是哪种战术动作被使用了。
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In order to enact/attempt an SUT maneuver, at least one team member must have the SUT knowledge skill as well as the Influence active skill (to perform a maneuver or instruct others how to perform it). Bonuses gained from the Leadership or Instruction specialties can be used in combat maneuver tests. During combat, SUT maneuvers are considered major actions, but can also be “prepped” before initiative is rolled. A Perception + Intuition (threshold determined by the GM) test can be used to identify a maneuver being attempted.
以执行战术动作:
1.   指定一个队长。这一队员会指挥或命令其他人执行战术动作。
2.   在他们的回合内(On their initiative),队长将会进行检定,影响+逻辑,以满足或超过战术动作的阈值。参与到战术动作中的队员必须保留一个主要动作以让他们能在队长回合内一起使用。有相应技能的队员可以将小队战术动作检定视为协作检定如常进行(p. 36, SR6)。如果执行小组战术动作的队友都有小组战术知识技能,那么战术动作只需要花次要动作进行。
3.   合计战术动作检定的所有成功以决定是否通过检定。如果小队获得2个净成功,那么他们能在罗列的奖励以外额外获得一点状况极限(队长决定哪位队友可以用这点极限)。
4.   执行战术动作,结算奖励,进行其他额外的技能检定。注意,战术动作会在主动性最低的参与者的回合内执行。
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To enact a combat maneuver:
1. Designate a Leader. This team member will direct or command others on how to perform the maneuver.
2. On their initiative, the Leader will perform an Influence + Logic test to meet or exceed the maneuver’s threshold. Those participating in the maneuver must hold on to a Major Action to use during the Leader’s initiative. Team members with the prerequisite skills can treat a SUT maneuver test as a Teamwork test per normal rules (p. 36, SR6). If all team members participating in an SUT maneuver have the Small Unit Tactics knowledge skill, combat maneuvers are treated as minor actions.
3. Tally all hits from the combat maneuver test to see if it is successful. If the team beats the threshold by two, they gain a point of situational Edge in addition to the listed bonus (the Leader decides which team member can use the point of Edge).
4. Enact the maneuver, apply bonuses, and make any additional skill tests. Note: A combat maneuver is performed on the lowest initiative score of the participants.
(译注:根据枪兵在一次博客的说法,战前只要宣告就能获得小队战术的奖励,只有战斗内要改小队战术才很麻烦)

掩护跃进 Bounding Overwatch
阈值:2(有掩体)或3(无掩体)

当小队需要穿越战场时就需要使用掩护跃进获得掩体提供的好处了。一个队员和目标(们)以远程武器进行接敌——最好是能全自动开火的枪械——以允许剩下的小队成员推进。当所有小队成员移动了,第二个射手会提供主要的掩护火力。有没有掩体都可以执行该战术动作。
(备注/奖励:敌人AR-3)
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  Threshold: 2 (with cover) or 3 (without cover)
Bounding Overwatch is used when a team must move across a battlefield, taking advantage of cover. One team member engages a target(s) with a ranged weapon—preferably a full-auto capable firearm—allowing the rest of the team to advance. Once all team members have moved, a secondary shooter provides the primary covering fire. This maneuver can be performed with or without cover.
(Notes/Benefits: –3 to enemy AR.)

斜角剥离Counter Peal
阈值:3

当需要从一个战斗区域撤离或寻找更好的掩体时,就是使用该战术的时候了。参与者组成一个斜向或对角向的线列阵形,允许每一名队员都有一个清晰的射界。最靠近敌人的队员随后撤退,同时在其他队员的火力支援下,移动到战线末端往后的位置。整个过程周而复始,知道所有队员移出或清扫完一篇战斗区域。以执行这一战术动作,每个参与者必须有一把远程武器。
(备注/奖励:参与者DR+3)
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This is used when withdrawing from a combat zone or moving to find better cover. The participants form a sloped or diagonal battle line, allowing each team member a clear field of fire. The team member closest to the enemy then withdraws down the line, while under supportive fire from the rest of the team, moving to a position beyond the end of the battle line. The process repeats until all team members have moved or cleared a combat zone. To perform this maneuver, each participant must have a ranged weapon.

徐进弹幕 Creeping Barrage
阈值:4

这个战术在有重火力的战斗队伍中非常流行,徐进弹幕有两个组成部分:推进分队以及火力支援分队(火箭,榴弹,或迫击炮)。火力支援分队将他们打出的弹幕投射向推进分队的前方或者沿路以清理敌人、陷阱或障碍。这一战术动作会随着火力支援分队向前“推进”他们的弹幕而反复进行。在执行这个战术动作的过程中,火力支援分队和推进分队的协调是有风险的;犯错(失误)常常导致误伤的情况发生。
(备注/奖励:为了执行该战术,火力支援分队需要能与目标接敌。在火力支援分队成功通过一次攻击检定后,推进分队的AR+3,但敌人的DR-3。)
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A popular tactic used by combat teams with heavy fire support, the Creeping Barrage has two components: the advancing team members and a fire-support element (rocket, grenade, or mortar). The fire-support elements deploy their ordnance safely ahead and along the path of the advancing team to clear enemies, traps, or obstacles. The maneuver is then repeated as the fire support “creeps” their ordnance forward. Coordinating the fire support and team members during this maneuver can be tricky; mistakes (glitches) often result in friendly fire incidents.
(Notes/Benefits: To perform, fire-support elements must be able to engage the target. After a successful attack roll by the fire-support elements, the advancing team gains a +3 to AR while opposition suffers –3 to DR.)

交叉火力Crossfire
阈值:3

交叉火力战术动作旨在对友方火力进行布置以让敌人至少从两个不同角度遭受开枪设计。在这个战术动作执行前,队长必须决定好部署人员的最佳位置。最好被用于伏击的情况。交火战术也可以被用于战斗之中。
(备注/奖励:在小组战术检定进行前,队长必须先进行一个检定,侦察+直觉(2),以决定参与者的部署位置。如果这一战术动作成功执行,那么攻击者AR+2,且防御者DR-3。)
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The Crossfire maneuver is meant to position friendly forces in such a way that the enemy takes fire from at least two different directions. Before the maneuver is enacted, the team leader must first determine where best to position their people. Best utilized as an ambush, the Crossfire maneuver can also be used during combat.
(Notes/Benefits: Before SUT maneuver test is made, the team leader makes a Perception + Intuition (2) test to determine participant placement. If maneuver succeeds, attackers gain a +2 to AR and defenders have a –3 penalty to DR.)

菱形队形Diamond Formation
阈值:2

菱形队形通常由4人小队执行,旨在让队伍在行进时能获得360度的观察视野。这使发现与对敌方威胁的响应几率得到提升。一般来说,队长在队形的前方,而两位队员在其身后左右两翼,最后还有一个队员身处队伍最后。当需要对威胁进行响应或改变移动方向时,新的前方就会基于新的前进或接敌方向而发生改变。新队员可以基于需求布置站位,又或者站在队伍的中间。
(备注/奖励:当尝试发现伏击时,所有侦察检定的阈值-2。如果在战斗开始前执行,所有参与的队员主动性值+2。)
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The diamond formation is typically employed by four participants and is designed to provide a team a 360-degree field of observation while moving. This increases the chances of perceiving and responding to an enemy threat. Traditionally the team leader is in the front of the formation with two members flanking behind and to the left or right, with the final member in the back. When responding to threats or changing direction, the new front is based on which direction the formation travels or engages. Additional members can be added as needed or take up position in the center.
(Notes/Benefits: Lowers the threshold on all Perception Tests vs. an ambush by 2. If enacted before combat begins, add +2 to all participating team members’ initiative scores.)

狗群战术Dog Pile
阈值:特殊

狗群战术是一种基于徒手/近战的人群协调进攻。攻击者将他们的攻击聚焦在单个目标身上,并且针对肢体或躯干同时发动攻击,以让目标失能或将其压制。当目标被压制(subdued)后,攻击就可以停止了…当然大部分时候并不会如此发生。
(备注/奖励:该战术至少需要两个攻击者,但并不需要进行小组战术检定。攻击者只要简单的保留他们的动作,并且用协作检定同时进行攻击。每获得两个成功,攻击者压制时的DV+1。)
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The Dog Pile is a coordinated hand-to-hand/ close combat swarm attack. Attackers focus their attack on a single target and attack simultaneously, targeting limbs or the body to disable or subdue the target. Once the target is subdued, the attack can cease … but most often don’t.
(Notes/Benefits: At least two attackers are necessary for this maneuver, but no SUT test is needed. Attackers simply hold their actions and attack simultaneously using a standard teamwork test. For every two hits, the attackers gain +1 to DV for subdual.)

破门突入Dynamic Entry
阈值:3(4,如果用了投掷爆破物的话)

这个战术动作最初是由需要应对人质事件与布防目标的执法队伍所开发而成的,鉴于城市作战越发普遍,它也被军事部队所采用。这个战术动作的原理是在目标能够反应或实施他们的响应之前,用整支队伍去淹没他们。为了执行该战术动作,小队会沿着目标区域入口的外墙进行列队。其中一个队员负责快速开门(如果有需要就破门),会采用的方式包括以高威力子弹(一般为霰弹)或设置爆炸物来摧毁门锁或者门铰链,又或者部署一个开门装置(entry device)。其他列队的参与者会随后冲入其中,向左或者向右剥出(每个队员轮替)以扫查目标区域,并且用武器快速瞄向敌人,而破门者会在最后跟随入屋。
一个流行的变体是在破门之后,队伍突入之前,向往目标区域投掷爆炸物(通常是震撼弹)。
(备注/奖励:为了执行该战术,必须至少有二至三位参与者:一个破门,一个突入,以及如果需要用爆炸物,那么还有一个进行部署。如果成功,参与者会在爆炸物的好处以外,还能让他们的AR+2。如果突入部队能将此战术动作作为伏击,那么他们的AR奖励提升至+3。)
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Developed by law-enforcement teams to deal with hostage situations and barricaded subjects, the tactic was adopted by military units as urban warfare became more prevalent. The concept for this maneuver is for an entry team to overwhelm a target before they can react or impede their response. To perform this maneuver, a team lines or “stacks” up outside the entrance of the target area. One team member then quickly opens (or if necessary breaches) the door by blasting the locks or door hinges with either high-powered (typically shotgun) rounds or placed explosive charges, or they employ an entry device. The stacked participants then rush in and peel to the left or right (each member alternating) to scan the target area and quickly bring weapons to bear on hostiles, with the door breacher following in last.
One popular variation is to employ thrown explosives, most commonly flash-bang grenades, after the door is breached and before the team makes entry.
(Notes/Benefits: To perform this maneuver, there must be at least two to three participants: one to breach, one to make initial entry, and if explosives are being used, one to employ. If successful, participants gain +2 to their AR in addition to any benefits from the explosive device. If an entry team can employ this maneuver as an ambush, the bonus to their AR increases to +3.)

包抄Flank
阈值:3

与交火类似,包抄战术也是被用于战斗中的。为了包抄一个对手你需要至少有两支战斗分队。一支为掩护分队,他们负责接敌,而另一支为包抄分队,他们负责绕到敌人的侧翼或者后方。包抄分队可以用隐匿来掩饰他们的战术动作,或者公然这么做。当该战术动作完成了,包抄者就会对目标开火。
(备注/奖励:如果该战术动作成功,参与者的AR+2,而被包抄者的DR-2。如果包抄者尚未被发现,那么AR奖励提升至+3。)
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Similar to Crossfire, the Flank maneuver is used during combat. To flank an opponent requires at least two combat elements. One is a covering element that engages the enemy while the other flanking element maneuvers around the enemy’s position to get on their sides or behind them. The flanking element can use stealth to cover their maneuvering or do it in the open. Once the maneuver is accomplished, the flankers add their weapons’ fire or other attacks to the covering element.
(Notes/Benefits: If the maneuver is successful, participants receive a +2 to their AR while the flanked target is at –2 to their DR. If the flanking elements approach undetected, increase the AR bonus to +3.)

举盾行进Shield Walk
阈值:3

由旧时的方阵所启发,举盾行进被用于没有多少掩体以及战斗队伍需要在面对火力复盖依然进行推进的情况下使用。这个战术的基础非常简单:一个队员持有一个大的防弹盾牌,而其他跟随在其后的队员在一起移动时获得盾牌提供的好处并且开火还击。更多的盾牌意味着更多队员可以获益。这一盾牌同样可以在跟随装甲载具以及重型无人机后面使用(取代便携盾牌)。
(备注/奖励:每个便携防弹盾牌都可以保护多一个队员。一台大型战斗无人机或小型载具可以保护二至三个队员,一台大型装甲载具可以保护三至四个队员,具体数量取决于它们的体积,由GM裁定。被保护的队员可以获得盾牌提供的DR加值,如果是由载具或无人机提供的保护,那么DR奖励为{机体属性/2,向上取整}。)
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Inspired by the phalanxes of old, the shield walk is used when cover isn’t available and a combat team needs to maneuver while under fire. Maneuver basics are simple: One team member carries a large ballistic shield, while another participant follows behind to gain the shield’s advantages and return fire as they move in unison. The more shields in play, the more participants can benefit. This maneuver can also be used while moving behind an armored vehicle or heavy drone in place of a portable shield.
(Notes/Benefits: A portable ballistic shield can be used to protect one additional team member. A large combat drone or small vehicle can protect two or three team members depending on their size. A large armored vehicle can protect three or four team members depending on size (gamemaster discretion prevails in these situations). Protected team members gain the DR benefits provided by shields, or in the case of drones and vehicles, half the Body rating rounded up.)

切蛋糕slicing The Pie
阈值:特殊

这一防御性战术动作由单个行动人员依靠掩体以及隐蔽所采用。行动人员会身处在掩体或遮掩物的拐角处靠后的位置,并在缓慢侧移时利用拐角遮挡他们的轮廓,以求减少自己的身体暴露并获得对目标的视线轮廓。切蛋糕最适合被用于都市或者室内环境,作为突袭或伏击的一部分。
(备注/奖励:小组战术检定每获得两个成功,就会使行动人员的DR+1。)
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This defensive maneuver is used by a single operator in conjunction with cover and/or concealment. The operator stands back from and uses the corner of the cover/concealment in order to obscure their profile while slowly moving laterally, exposing just enough of their body gain a sight profile on the target. Slicing the Pie is best used in an urban or indoor environment and with the element of surprise or as an ambush.
(Notes/Benefits: For every two hits on the SUT test, add +1 to operator’s DR.)

火力压制Suppressive Fire
阈值:2,并具有特殊规则

火力压制是一个能由单个或多个射手所执行的战术动作。基本上就是用一把全自动枪械对一定角度进行扫射,而非攻击一个特定的个体或目标好让足够多的人能受到火力压制的影响。
(备注/奖励:为了执行该战术动作,攻击者必须有全自动枪械并且有足够多的载弹量。攻击者可以攻击最多{小组战术检定所获得的成功数}个目标。每个目标的DR降低{武器的基本DV值}点,AR降低{武器的基本DV值/2,向上取整}点。)
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Suppressive fire is a maneuver that can be performed by a single or multiple shooters. The idea is to use a full-auto-capable weapon to spray fire in an arc, targeting an area rather than a specific individual or object in order to catch as many combatants as possible.
(Notes/Benefits: To perform this maneuver, the attackers must have full-auto-capable firearms and sufficient ammunition. When making the SUT test, the number of total hits determines how many targets the attackers can hit with an attack roll. Each target reduces their DR by the base Damage Value of the weapon, and reduces their AR by half that, rounded up.)