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【GMG】赌博与运气游戏
« 于: 2021-01-25, 周一 14:58:09 »
以下原文均摘自https://aonprd.com/Rules.aspx?Name=Gambling%20and%20Games%20of%20Chance&Category=Advanced%20Topics
小校了几次,红字仍很难得体


赌博与运气游戏(Gambling and Games of Chance)
赌博是奇幻角色扮演中的重要部分——从城市黄金地段闪闪发光的高端赌场里精心设计的运气游戏,到酒馆后屋危险的高赌注纸牌游戏。抛开RPG规则,玩家和GM也可以在彼此之间玩一场赌博游戏,而不用担心完全不同的等级和技能调整值的影响——只要拿一些骰子或卡片,去进行游戏即可。
但是,如果你整夜都只是扮演个赌场管理员,那么来参加你的RPG游戏的人都不会满意。如果你想创造各种意义上一个成功的游戏体验,就需要让你的玩家前往充满幻想的“黄金地精游戏屋”。
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Gambling is a staple of fantasy roleplaying, from elaborate games of chance in a glittering high-end casino in the wealthy part of the city to a dangerous high-stakes card game in a tavern’s back room. RPG rules aside, the players and the Game Master can play a gambling game between themselves, without the interference of wildly disparate levels and skill modifiers—just get some dice or cards, and play.

However, no one coming to your house for an RPG session is going to be satisfied if you just play croupier all night long. You need to make your players’ trip to the Gold Goblin Gaming House rich in fantasy if you’re going to have a successful gaming experience, in both senses of the word“gaming.”


营造正确的氛围(Creating the Right Atmosphere)
角色并不会只因为赌博有小概率不亏的刺激感而进入赌场。他们进入赌场是为了友情、可口的饮料,和更小概率的大赚一笔的机会。因此,你的赌博环境应当有趣而有特色。一家高等赌场可以有在舞台上跳舞的精灵少女,特制的矮人饮品,以及坐在桌边提供狂野冒险的富有主顾。一个低端的游戏大厅则会有挤在一起的恶棍们,雇佣有食人魔保镖,并且经常有推翻桌子的酒吧斗殴的威胁。
当玩家角色进入时,描述他们的行动:场地法师在他们进入时通过他背包里的水晶球,对他们不知不觉地晃晃手指,以施放侦测魔法;展示一个赢得了“三冠帝国扑克”头奖的半身人因为喜悦而高高跳起的场景;让他们看到一个地精赌徒因为通过尖牙的牙缝偷运赌徒赢来的筹码,因此被扔出窗户......从而让角色们希望待在那里。
当他们坐下开始游玩时,确保他们有东西可赢。埋头于老虎机也许很合适,但在RPG中并没有什么乐趣。玩一些有夸张波动、甚至可能有毁灭性损失、以及偶尔巨大胜利的玩意儿
最后,无论结果如何,提供他们一次冒险的机会。如果他们损失惨重,让俱乐部老板给他们一个赢回一切损失的机会——比如通过清剿附近下水道的狗头人。如果他们赢的很多,让一些想要(通过打劫)增加获得奖品的半兽人出现在小巷里——世界上赌博的方式是很多样的。
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Characters don’t walk into gambling halls for the thrill of a slightly worse-than-average chance of breaking even. They come in for the camaraderie, the tasty beverages, and the much smaller-than-average chance of winning very big. Thus, your gambling environments should be fun and rich in character. A high-end casino can have elven dancing maidens on stage, specialty dwarven drinks, and rich patrons sitting at the tables offering wild adventures. A low-end gaming hall can be wall-to-wall with reprobates, staffed with ogre bouncers, and carry the ever-present threat of a table-tipping bar brawl.

When the player characters walk in, describe the action. Have the house wizard cast detect magic as they enter, all-knowingly wagging a finger at the PC with the crystal ball in her backpack. Show a halfling noble leaping with joy as he hits the jackpot at 3-crown imperial poker. Let them see a goblin tableboy chucked out the window for smuggling players’ winnings out between his pointy teeth. Make the characters want to be there.

When they sit down to play, make sure it’s something they can win. Long slogs are fine at the nickel slots, but they’re no fun in an RPG. Play something with wild swings, chances of devastating losses, and the occasional powerhouse victory.

In the end, offer them an adventure no matter how it turns out. If they lose big, have the club owner give them a chance to win back what they’ve lost by taking out the kobolds in the nearby sewer. If they win big, have some half-orcs attempt to jack their winnings in the alley. There are many types of gambles in the world.


赌博游戏的类型(Types of Gambling Games)
有成千上万的赌博游戏,但所有游戏都属于一种基本的类别或类型。许多游戏结合了这些类型的元素。不同的玩家喜欢不同种类的游戏,所以使用各种各样的游戏是个好主意。
抢银行:在类似百家乐的游戏中,庄家为自己决定一个准确的数字结果,而玩家需要尽力达到它。有时必须要下中止游戏的判决,比如在二十一点中,玩家和银行可能都因为超过21点而失败。
吹牛皮:这是该列表上唯一需要真正技能——唬骗——的游戏,需要玩家来猜另一位玩家的有的牌,并判断是否应该尽力打败它。这种扑克是一种虚张声势的游戏,因此并不是真正意义上的赌博游戏。运气很重要,但从长远来看,技能更重要。
买彩票:每个玩家在一个大彩池中购买一份或多份赌注。随机地,一份赌注被确定为获胜者,而大部分下注的钱都将归该赌注的所有者所有。
匹配图:当某些预设图形(或者骰型)出现时(例如在老虎机上),玩家获胜。有些图形(或者骰型)可能比其他更有价值,因此在掷3d6并且目标是三同数的游戏中,1-1-1的价值可能不及6-6-6。
选数字:在轮盘赌或基诺之类的游戏中,每个玩家都选择一个或多个目标数字,然后确定结果数字。如果结果与玩家的目标号码相同,则该玩家获胜;否则,玩家输。
分下注:分下注是对了解不完善的事件的结果下注。体育投注是此类投注中最著名的。庄家确定了一条线,认为一半的投注者会选择一侧,另一半会选择另一侧。分流然后事件发生,正确选择的人得到奖品。

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There are thousands of gambling games, but all of them fall into a few basic categories or types. Many games combine elements of these types. Different players like different kinds of games, so it’s a good idea to have a wide array available.

Beat-the-bank: In games like baccarat, the house determines a certain result for itself, and the player must endeavor to beat it. Sometimes a judgment call must be made, such as in blackjack, where both the player and the bank could go above a 21 and fail.

Bluffing: The only true skill on this list, bluffing requires a player to guess what another player has, and judge whether he should try to beat it. Poker is a bluffing game, and thus is not a gambling game in the true sense. Luck is important, but in the long run, skill is much more significant.

Lottery: Each player buys one or more stakes in a large pool. Randomly, one stake is determined the winner, and most of the wagered money goes to the owner(s) of that stake.

Match game: The player wins when certain preset patterns appear, such as on a slot machine. Some may be more valuable than others, so in a game where 3d6 are rolled and the goal is to hit triples, 1-1-1 may be less valuable than 6-6-6.

Pick-a-number: In a game such as roulette or keno, each player picks one or more target numbers, and then a result number is determined. If the result is the same as a player’s target number, the player wins; otherwise, the player loses.

Proposition betting: Prop bets are bets on the outcomes of events for which one has imperfect knowledge. Sports bets are the best known of these types of bets. The house sets a line on which it believes half the bettors will pick one side and half will pick the other. The proposition then happens, and the people who picked correctly are paid off.

赌博和技能检定(Gambling and Skill Checks)
在探路者RPG游戏里,技能列表中没有看到“赌博”一词是有原因的,因为赌博不是一项技能。除了标签错误的技能游戏(例如扑克)以外,赌博游戏由于其特殊定义定义还基于运气如何。除非作弊,否则你无法带来自己的运气。而且由于庄家始终具有优势,因此您无法通过与庄家赌博来赚钱。
但是,有专业(赌徒)技能。像所有专业技能一样,这种基于感知的技能是在一周的工作内赚钱,而不是赢得轮盘的特定旋转。这需要弄清楚在哪里玩,什么时候玩以及和谁一起玩。具有较高技能的角色也能发挥很多作用,最大程度地减少了损失,并可能使用了许多其他技能。
在诸如扑克之类的技能游戏中,你可以使用玩家的专业(赌徒)技能来裁定它,就像角色的专业(渔夫)技能可以用来抓鱼做晚饭一样。但是,它不一定是玩家可以使用的唯一技能。唬骗,威吓,察言观色和(用于作弊的)巧手都可以用来赢得单张手牌。这些掷骰以及一些角色扮演,可以使卡牌胜负成为有趣的遭遇。

剧透 -   :
There is a reason you don’t see the word “Gambling” in the Pathfinder RPG skill list, and that’s because gambling is not a skill. With the exception of mislabeled skill games such as poker, a gambling game is by its very definition based on seeing what lucks brings you. You cannot bring your own luck, unless you cheat. And since the house always has an edge, you cannot make money gambling against the house.

There is, however, the Profession (gambler) skill. Like all Profession skills, this Wisdom-based skill is about making money over the course of a week, not about winning a particular spin of a roulette wheel. It’s about figuring out where to play, when to play, and whom to play with. A character with high ranks in this skill is playing a lot, minimizing his losses, and probably using many other skills.

In a hand of a skill game like poker, you can use a player’s Profession (gambler) skill to adjudicate it, in the same way a character’s Profession (fisherman) skill might be used to catch a fish for dinner. However, it need not be the only skill a player could use. Bluff, Intimidate, Sense Motive, and (for cheating) Sleight of Hand can all be used to win a single hand of cards. These rolls, along with some roleplaying, can make a card showdown into an interesting encounter.

示例游戏:二十筹/骨(Sample Game: Twenty Bones)
在纯粹的运气游戏中,运气应该占主导地位。玩家和庄家都不受控制——骰子也是,专业(赌徒)中的任何等级都不会帮助角色获胜。但这是应该的。玩家不想因为角色的敏捷很高而在“双骰赌博”里获胜——他们更想因为今晚的骰运很强而赢得胜利。
当然,在运气游戏中,作弊是改变运气的唯一途径。如果桌上的某人想作弊,巧手是最有用的技能,但也可以使用解除装置。此外,魔法对于作弊可能非常有用。诸如法师之手无声幻影和篡改记忆之类的法术可以将坏结果变成好结果。但是,被抓住会把这些好结果变成非常非常糟糕的结果。
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In games of pure chance, luck should rule the day. Neither the player nor the house is in control—the dice are, and no ranks in Profession (gambler) will help a character win. But this is as it should be. Players don’t want to win at craps because their characters have high Dexterity scores—they want to win because the dice are hot tonight.

Of course, cheating is the only way to change your luck in a game of chance. If someone at the table wants to cheat, Sleight of Hand is the most useful skill, but Disable Device might also be allowed. In addition, magic can be quite useful for cheating. Spells like mage hand, silent image, and modify memory can turn bad results into good results. Getting caught, however, can turn these good results into much, much worse outcomes.


运气游戏(Games of Chance)
赌博游戏具有五个明显的元素:庄家,设备,机制,赔率和赔付。
庄家:庄家是游戏的来源,决定了游戏的风格。“小气”的庄家在庄家优势较高且玩家影响最小的情况下进行游戏。“大方”的庄家则希望更多的赌博发生,并愿意最大程度地冒险,以便玩家下更多的赌注。如果庄家“大方”,则损失或收益的标准差会更高。因为庄家在所有比赛中都具有优势,所以庄家必须关心的另一个重要数字是赌局的损失,如果每个人都突然获胜,那么它会损失多少。一家无法承担所有赌注的庄家不会长期成功。
设备:这就是你玩游戏所需要的。不仅是骰子或卡片,还经常需要标记,硬币,甚至是小模型。你还应该确定运行游戏多少人是必要的。通常,它只是一个荷官,但是像掷骰子的游戏需要四个人来运行它:一个拳击手,两个基础荷官和一个筹码管理人。
机制:机制是游戏的玩法。机制应该简单易懂:将一块筹码放在板上,掷一对骰子,选择一个数字并旋转一个轮子,用一些洞牌和一些桌上的洞牌。但是,结果的变化要简单得多;相比之下,用于将钱放到掷骰子桌上的空间的数量则令人眼花缭乱。
赔率:赔率是玩家赢钱几率的百分比。玩家获胜的百分比几率应少于50%。在任何赌场中,庄家都会保留一些“优势”,这是庄家在一系列下注中将获得的利润。因此,如果一个玩家玩游戏,他每获得一枚金牌便会赢得9枚银牌,那么庄家优势就是10%。
赔付:赔付是玩家获胜时获得的回报率,通常是赔率的两倍。重要的是要理解:对于纯粹的运气游戏,随着时间的推移,所有选择都必定带来相同的赔付。想想轮盘赌:对一个数字的直接下注有37:1的几率击中,并且赔付为35:1。在所有1–12的数字上下注的机率是2.167:1,赔付为2:1。对红色的下注概率为1.111对1,赔付为1比1。对这些赌注进行数学计算表明,它们的回报率均相同:玩家每投注1美元,便损失5.3美分。
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A gambling game has five distinct elements: the house, the equipment, the mechanic, the odds, and the payout.

House: The house is the source of the game, and determines the game’s style. A “tight” house runs games where the house edge is higher, and where player influence is minimized. A “loose” house wants much more gambling to occur, and is willing to maximize its risks so that players will bet more. The standard deviation of loss or gain is higher if the house is loose. As long as the house has an advantage in all games, the other important number the house must care about is its exposure, which is how much it can lose if everyone suddenly wins at once. A house that can’t cover all its bets won’t be successful for long.

Equipment: This is what you need to play the game. It’s not just dice or cards—you often need markers, coins, and even miniatures. You should also determine how many people are necessary to run the game. Usually it’s just one dealer, but a game like craps requires four people to run it: a boxman, two base dealers, and a stickman.

Mechanic: The mechanic is how the game is played. A mechanic should be simple and easy to grasp: place a chip on the board and roll a pair of dice, choose a number and spin a wheel, use some of your hole cards and some of the ones on the table. However, the variation of results can be much less simple; the sheer number of possible places to put your money on a craps table is dazzling.

Odds: The odds are the percentage chances that a player will win money. A player’s percentage chance of winning should be somewhat less than 50 percent for the house to make money. In any casino, the house will retain some “edge,” which is the profit the house will make on a long series of bets. So if a player plays a game where he wins 9 silver pieces for every gold piece he gives the house, the house edge is 10 percent.

Payout: The payout is the rate of return a player gets when he wins, usually double the odds. It’s important to understand that for a game of pure chance, all choices must lead to the same payouts over time. Think of the roulette board. A straight-up bet on a single number has a 37-to-1 chance of hitting, and pays 35-to-1. A bet on all of the numbers 1–12 has a 2.167-to-1 chance of hitting, and pays 2-to-1. A bet on red has a 1.111-to-1 chance of hitting, and pays 1-to-1. Doing the math on these bets show that they all have the same rate of return: a player loses 5.3 cents for every dollar bet.


设计赌博游戏(Designing a Gambling Game)
二十筹/骨(bones)是一种节奏轻快的游戏,使用20面骰子,以熟悉的攻击和技能检查掷骰为基础。
庄家:二十骨起源于一个大城市后巷深处的赌场。赌场的所有者偏爱具有随机性的令人兴奋的游戏,而他的老主顾也对此表示赞赏。筹码(bones)整夜都嘎嘎作响,偷偷想在装载的骰子上作弊的作弊者也会发现他们的骨头(bones)嘎嘎作响。
设备:要玩赌博游戏,您需要一些d20骰子——事实上需要很多——以及一个荷官和一个“骰子女郎”来运行游戏。
机制:在每个回合中,玩家可以购买任意数量的d20。d20的标准成本是1cp,尽管在某些局中,玩家可以花银币,金币,白金币或甚至更多钱来购买骰子。购买完骰子后,所有玩家都掷骰子,然后庄家扔骰子,最后每个大过庄家骰子的玩家获胜,每赌1枚硬币则赢得两枚硬币。对于玩家而言,1总是输,20总是赢。
赔率:玩家有47.75%的获胜机会。1打不过任何值,2仅击败庄家1,3击败庄家1和2,依此类推。玩家20例外,它具有击败庄家20的特殊优势。
赔付:玩家每下注10个硬币将赢得9.55个硬币。玩家每次赢取两枚硬币的事实掩盖了玩家花硬币购买骰子的事实。考虑到这一点,每个成功下注的赔付都是1比1。
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Twentybone is a beat-the-bank game played with 20-sided dice, based on the familiar roll for attacks and skill checks.

The house: Twentybone originated in a casino deep in the back alleys of a major city. The casino’s owner favors exciting games with lots of randomness, and his oft-inebriated patrons appreciate that too. Bones are rattled all night long, and cheaters who sneak in loaded dice find that some of their bones get rattled as well.

The equipment: To play, you need some d20s. A whole lot of them. A dealer and a “dice girl” run the game.

The mechanic: On each round, players can buy any number of d20s they want. The standard peasant’s-wage cost for a d20 is a copper piece, though at some tables a player can spend a silver piece, a gold piece, a platinum piece, or even more for a die. When all dice have been purchased, the players all roll their dice. Then the house rolls a die. Every player die that beats the house die gets paid off with two coins for every one coin it was bought for. For the player, a 1 always loses, and a 20 always wins.

The odds: The player has a 47.75 percent chance of winning. 1’s don’t beat anything, 2’s only beat house 1’s, 3’s beat house 1’s and 2’s, and so on. The exception is player 20’s, which have a special advantage of beating house 20’s.

The payout: The player will win 9.55 coins for every 10 coins he bets. The fact that a player is paid two coins on every win obscures the fact that the player gave over a coin to buy the die. Accounting for this, every successful bet’s payout is 1-to-1.


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钢神第一章的城镇事件有用到,可能有很多错译,实际使用后发现并没有什么可操作性,建议替换这个环节
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